未来能源研究所-乘用车排放标准和电动汽车目标（英）

This paper analyzes welfare and distributional effects of nested US policies affectingplug-in vehicles: state-level zero-emission vehicle (ZEV) standards and national fueleconomy and greenhouse gas (GHG) standards for passenger vehicles.

This paper analyzes welfare and distributional effects of nested US policies affectingplug-in vehicles: state-level zero-emission vehicle (ZEV) standards and national fueleconomy and greenhouse gas (GHG) standards for passenger vehicles. I use a computational model of the passenger vehicle market that endogenizes manufacturer choicesof prices, technology, fuel economy, and horsepower and incorporates the timing of regulatory decisions and pre-existing distortions caused by market power and consumerundervaluation of fuel economy. Ignoring the influence of the 2022 ZEV standards onfuel economy and GHG standards, ZEV standards would appear to impose high costswithout reducing emissions. However, accounting for such influence reveals that ZEVstandards reduced GHG emissions at modest costs.